The wind reached a speed of 80 km/h (50 mph), with average speeds of more than 50 km/h (31 mph) near Marseille. Cause Ī map showing the force of the mistral one day in November 2008. It sometimes lasts only one or two days, frequently lasts several days, and sometimes lasts more than a week. The mistral usually blows in winter or spring, though it occurs in all seasons. Its average speed during the day can reach about 50 km/h (31 mph 14 m/s 27 kn), calming noticeably at night. It can reach speeds of more than 90 km/h (56 mph 25 m/s 49 kn), particularly in the Rhône Valley. The mistral is usually accompanied by clear, fresh weather, and it plays an important role in creating the climate of Provence. The same wind is called mistrau in the Provençal variant of Occitan, mestral in Catalan, maestrale in Italian and Corsican, maistràle or bentu maestru in Sardinian, and majjistral in Maltese. The name mistral comes from the Languedoc dialect of the Occitan and means "masterly". It has a major influence all along the Mediterranean coast of France, and often causes sudden storms in the Mediterranean between Corsica and the Balearic Islands.
It affects the northeast of the plain of Languedoc and Provence to the east of Toulon, where it is felt as a strong west wind. In France, it refers to a violent, cold, north or northwest wind that accelerates when it passes through the valleys of the Rhône and the Durance Rivers to the coast of the Mediterranean around the Camargue region. Periods of the wind exceeding 30 km/h (19 mph 8.3 m/s 16 kn) for more than sixty-five hours have been reported. It is most common in the winter and spring, and strongest in the transition between the two seasons. It produces sustained winds often exceeding 66 km/h (41 mph 18 m/s 36 kn), sometimes reaching 185 km/h (115 mph 51 m/s 100 kn). The mistral ( Catalan: Mestral, Greek: Μαΐστρος, Italian: Maestrale, Maltese: Majjistral, Corsican: Maestrale) is a strong, cold, northwesterly wind that blows from southern France into the Gulf of Lion in the northern Mediterranean.
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